Austin Horng-En Wang (Political Science) published the article "" in the journal Social Media + Society. This article conducts survey experiments and analyzes representative surveys to show that fact-checking is less effective on private platforms (like Line/Whatsapp) compared with the public ones (like Facebook/Twitter). Therefore, how readers consume the fact-checks matters. This article is open access (with the support by the UNLV Library's Open Article Fund) and the its surveys are supported by the Department of Political Science.